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[Time Immemorial]
Diocesan cathedrals were grounds for the granting of city status in the case of cities recognised prior to 1888, i.e. cathedrals of the Church of England (including cathedrals that are now part of the Church in Wales) or pre-Reformation cathedrals in the Church of Scotland. As from 1888, the presence of a cathedral ceased to be a relevant factor in granting city status.
[Bangor]
Bangor is a city in Gwynedd, Wales, and one of the smallest cities in Britain. It is a university city with a population of 13,725 at the 2001 census, not including around 10,000 students at Bangor University. Including nearby Menai Bridge on Anglesey, which does not however form part of the City of Bangor itself, the population is about 18,000. Although it is Wales' fourth largest city, this is somewhat misleading as it only ranks as 36th largest urban area in Wales.
[City Status]
City status in the United Kingdom is granted by the British monarch to a select group of communities. The holding of city status gives a settlement no special rights other than that of calling itself a "city". Nonetheless, this appellation carries its own prestige and, consequently, competitions for the status are hard fought. The status does not apply automatically on the basis of any particular criteria, although in England and Wales it was traditionally given to towns with diocesan cathedrals. This association between having a cathedral and being called a city was established in the early 1540s when King Henry VIII founded dioceses (and therefore cathedrals)
The point about the 'City' (and buildings) being referred to as a town probably relates to its relative size
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